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Diagram showing the processes of transcription and translation.

(genetic biology)

Grammar: noun
Definition: the process whereby genetic information coded in messenger RNA directs the formation of a specific protein in the cytoplasm
Example:
1. Proteins are constructed from DNA by a two stage process: first a mobile copy of genetic code, mRNA, is made in the process of transcription; and then polypeptides are constructed from the code carried by mRNA in the process of translation.

2. Polypeptide production involves a change in the chemical language from nucleotide to amino acid, hence the term translation.
Related Word: translate (verb), translational (adjective)